RUS ENG
HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE
Problems of the Formation of the Soviet Bar: its Origin, its Destruction and Revival in the Soviet State
TANICHEV Georgy Vitalievich
Postgraduate Student of Institute of Law of Samara State Economic University
443090, Samara, st. Soviet Army, 141, Russian Federation
Abstract: As is historically known, having been formed by 1917, after the October Revolution of 1917 the Bar in Russia was liquidated and outlawed. What was the reason for such a decision of the authorities of that time, how the Bar was revived, and what powers its human rights defenders were subsequently endowed with, we investigate in this article. As a result, the author comes to the following conclusions. Although in the period of formation and development of the Soviet Bar and was infringed in many areas, subjected to strict control by the authorities, in every way belittled by the authorities of the Soviet time, but the mentioned social and legal institution was still considered the most important human rights institution, which was necessary for the country in the difficult periods of its formation.
Keywords: lawyer, communism, control, institution, prosecution
References
1.Asy`lguzhina L.R. Istoriya zarozhdeniya advokatury` // E`konomika i socium. 2018. № 3-2. S. 1792.
2.Xaski Yu. Rossijskie advokaty` i Sovetskoe gosudarstvo: proisxozhdenie i razvitie sovetskoj advokatury`, 1917–1939: per. s angl. M., 1993.
3.Ratushnyak V.N., Ratushnyak T.V. Istoriya stanovleniya sovetskoj advokatury` // Obshhestvo: filosofiya, istoriya, kul`tura. 2019. № 8 (64). S. 108.
4.Reznik G.M. Istoriya razvitiya rossijskoj advokatury`: ot istokov k sovremennosti. Strasburg, 2014.
5.Kapusta V.A. Osnovny`e tendencii stanovleniya instituta sovetskoj advokatury` v Rossijskoj imperii // Yuridicheskij fakt. 2019. № 52. S. 37.
6.Anikaeva A.A. Stanovlenie instituta advokatury` v sovetskom prostranstve // Pravovy`e aspekty` cifrovizacii gosudarstva i prava v sovremennom mire: sbornik materialov vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii sredi studentov, magistrantov i aspirantov. Perm`, 25 iyunya 2021 g. Perm`, 2021. S. 10.
7.Nauxaczkij S.V. Stanovlenie sovetskoj advokatury` v Donskoj oblasti v nachale 1920-x godov // Gumanitarny`e i social`no-e`konomicheskie nauki. 2014. № 2 (75). S. 55.
8.Lezov I.L. Sovetskij sud v 1917–1940 gg.: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. M., 1998.
9.Lozovik E.I. Istoriya stanovleniya sovetskoj advokatury` // Voprosy` ustojchivogo razvitiya obshhestva. 2021. № 12. S. 606.
10.Slepy`nin A.V. Sovetskaya advokatura v period krizisa sovetskoj politicheskoj sistemy` i stanovleniya rossijskoj gosudarstvennosti // Istoricheskie, filosofskie politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul`turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy` teorii i praktiki. 2010. № 1 (5). S. 160.
 
PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION AND  ADVOCACY PROFESSION FUNCTIONING
Legal profession in the Republic of Korea: history of formation, obtaining the status of lawyer
BIRIUKOV Pavel Nikolaevich
Doctor of Law, Professor, Head of Department of International and Eurasian Law of Voronezh State University
394018, Voronezh, University Square, 1, Russian Federation
REKHOVSKY Alexander Fedorovich
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of Department of Justice, Prosecutor's Supervision and Criminalistics of Far Eastern Federal University
690090, Vladivostok, Russky Island, Ayaks village, 10, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article examines the formation of the legal profession in South Korea. The authors describe the history of the formation of the institute and the legal basis for the activities of lawyers. The issue of obtaining the status of a lawyer is discussed in detail. The procedure for admitting foreign legal consultants to Korea is examined. In conclusion, it is concluded that the legal profession system in Korea is a unique combination of traditional Korean and Western legal principles. It is distinguished by high professionalism and the ability of lawyers to represent clients' interests at a high level. It is important to note that the system has strict quality control of services, which ensures reliable protection of customer rights.
Keywords: Republic of Korea, advocacy, lawyer status, foreign legal consultant
References
1.Maguta P. Liberalizaciya korejskoj advokatury` // Advokatskaya gazeta. 2011. № 24.
2.Klyuchevskaya N. «Gonorar uspexa»: ot zarubezhnogo opy`ta k otechestvennomu. 26.03.2020. [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.garant.ru/news/1329251.
3.Sudebnaya sistema v Koree. Chast` vtoraya. 15.11.2020. [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://world.kbs.co.kr/service/program_segments_view.htm?lang=r&procode=one&bbs=othc_qna&no=36855.
4.Xvachzhun Li. Yuridicheskaya professiya v Respublike Koreya, 2017 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=37609326&pos=6;-106#pos=6;-106.
5.Aubakirov M.G., Xisamutdinova E`.R. Opy`t podgotovki yuridicheskix kadrov v SShA, Velikobritanii, FRG, Yaponii i Respublike Koreya // Vestnik Akademii pravooxranitel`ny`x organov. 2017. № 1(3). S. 79–91.
6.Dobryakov D.A. Pravovoj status advokata v Rossijskoj Federacii i Respublike Koreya: sravnitel`no-pravovoj analiz // Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Yuridicheskie nauki. 2020. T. 24. № 2. S. 353–388.
7.Park J.R., Noe S.O. The Impact and Implications of AI on Legal Professionals // 한국컴퓨터정보학회 논문지 제28권 제4호(통권 제229호) [Zhurnal Korejskogo komp`yuternogo i informacionnogo obshhestva. 2023. T. 28. № 4 (229)]. R. 165–174.
8.Rights Claiming in South Korea / ed. Celeste L. Arrington, Patricia Goedde. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
9.Mather L., Levin L.C. When and Why Do Lawyer Organizations Seek to Influence Law? // Lawyers in 21st Century Societies. 2022. Vol. 2.
10. 박선아. 변호사 신탁계좌에 관한 연구 [Pak Son-a. Issledovanie advokatskix trastovy`x schetov] // 법학논총 [Yuridicheskij zhurnal]. 2023. Vol. 40. Iss. 4. R. 119–141.
11. 김현희. 한국 OTT 플랫폼 현황 및 경쟁력 확보 방안-OTT 정책을 중심으로 [Xyonxi Kim. Tekushhee sostoyanie korejskix OTT-platform i mery` po obespecheniyu konkurentosposobnosti – V centre vnimaniya OTT-politika] // 디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 [Digital Contents Society]. 2023. № 3. R. 497–505.
12. 이제정. 리걸테크 발전에 따른 변호사의 역할 변화-민사 분쟁 해결 서비스를 중심으로. 대전 : 한국과학기술원 [Li Dzhe Chzhon. Izmeneniya roli yuristov v svyazi s razvitiem LegalTech – Fokus na uslugax po razresheniyu grazhdanskix sporov. Te`dzhon: Korejskij peredovoj institut nauki i texnologij], 2023.
13. 강윤희. 변호사의 인공지능 사용과 관련한 윤리규범 - 인공지능이 변호사를 대체할 수 있을까의 관점에서 // 한국경영법률학회. 2023.07. 경영법률 [Kan Yun Xi. Kodeks e`tiki, svyazanny`j s ispol`zovaniem iskusstvennogo intellekta yuristami – S tochki zreniya togo, mozhet li iskusstvenny`j intellekt zamenit` yuristov – Professional`naya e`tika yurista pri ispol`zovanii II // Korejskoe obshhestvo biznes-prava. 2023. № 7. Biznes-pravo]. T. 33. № 4. P. 43–79.
14. 손경찬. 한국 변호사제도의 기원과 의의 // 법학논고 학술저널. 법학논고 제53호. 경북대학교 법학연구원 [Kyonchan Son. Proisxozhdenie i znachenie korejskoj advokatskoj sistemy` // Akademicheskij zhurnal yuridicheskix issledovanij. Institut yuridicheskix issledovanij Nacional`nogo universiteta Kyonpuk]. 2016. № 2. P. 299–328.
15. Jung-Ho, Ham. The Unique Characteristics of Korean Attorneys' System // Penn State International Law Review. 1999. Vol. 18. № 1.
16. 윤영석. 국민참여재판 전담변호사 제도 제안 [Yonsok Yun. Predlozhenie po sozdaniyu special`noj sistemy` yuristov dlya sudebny`x processov s uchastiem grazhdan]. 경희법학. 2023.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Advocate's Investigation
DEKHANOV Sergey Alexandrovich
Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Russian Customs Academy
140015, Moscow region, Lyubertsy, Komsomolsky Pr., 4, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article is devoted to the Institute of legal investigation. Based on previously conducted research in this area, the author analyzes the content of the constitutional and legal principle of competition, conducts a brief comparative legal study of the scope of powers of the parties in criminal proceedings (the defense and the prosecution), provides the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in this area, analyzes various doctrinal and legal definitions of the lawyer's investigation, as well as legal and factual actions that a lawyer has the right to perform when conducting an attorney's investigation.
Keywords: lawyer, advocacy, lawyer's investigation, prosecution, defense, evidence, information, proof
References
1.Konstituciya Rossijskoj Federacii (prinyata vse-narodny`m golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izmeneniyami, odobrenny`mi v xode obshherossijskogo golosovaniya 01.07.2020).
2.Federal`ny`j zakon «Ob advokatskoj deyatel`nosti i advokature v Rossijskoj Federacii» ot 31.05.2002 № 63–FZ.
3.Ugolovno-processual`ny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18.12.2001 № 174-FZ.
4.Grazhdanskij processual`ny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Fe-deracii ot 14.11.2002 № 138-FZ.
5.Arbitrazhny`j processual`ny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Fe-deracii ot 24.07.2002 № 95-FZ.
6.Kodeks administrativnogo sudoproizvodstva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 08.03.2015 № 21-FZ.
7.Baranov D.P., Smolenskij M.B. Advokatskoe pravo (advokatskaya deyatel`nost` i advokatura v Rossii): uchebnik. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Akademcentr: Izdatel`sko-torgovaya korporaciya «Dashkov i K», 2008. S. 163.
8.Vestnik Federal`noj palaty` advokatov RF. 2004. № 2. S. 63–66.
9.Ignatov S.D. Avtorskoe videnie problemy` advokatskogo rassledovaniya // Nauchny`e trudy` Rossijskoj akademii yuridicheskix nauk. № 9. T. 3. M., 2009. S. 898–904.
10.Kalyuzhny`j A.N. Advokatskoe rassledovanie v ugolovnom processe: problemy` pravovoj konstrukcii i praktiki realizacii // Advokatskaya praktika. 2017. № 1. S. 49–54.
11.Koncepciya sudebnoj reformy`, utverzhdennaya Postanovleniem Verxovnogo Soveta RSFSR ot 24 oktyabrya 1991 goda № 1801–12.
12.Kiselev P.P. Advokatskoe rassledovanie: pravovy`e i organizacionny`e aspekty`: dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. N. Novgorod, 2018.
13.Kolokolov N.A. Parallel`noe advokatskoe rassledovanie // E`Zh–YuRIST. 2005. № 21. S. 17–23.
14.Makarov S.Yu. Advokatskij zapros – po Standartu. Primenenie statusnogo prava na poluchenie informacii v ramkax okazaniya pravovoj pomoshhi detalizirovano // Advokatskaya gazeta. 2023. № 13(390). 1–15 iyulya.
15.Marty`nchik E.G. Pravovy`e osnovy` advokatskogo rassledovaniya: sostoyanie i perspektivy` (k razrabotke koncepcii i modeli) // Advokatskaya praktika. 2003. № 6. S. 21–29.
16.Marty`nchik E.G. Advokatskoe rassledovanie: ponyatie, priroda, osobennosti i sushhnost` (k razrabotke modeli) // Advokatskaya praktika. 2004. № 1. S. 16–21.
17.Marty`nchik E.G. Advokatskoe rassledovanie: ponyatie, priroda, osobennosti i sushhnost` (k razrabotke modeli) // Advokatskaya praktika. 2005. № 1. S. 21–29.
18.Mixajlovskaya I.B. Nastol`naya kniga sud`i po dokazy`vaniyu v ugolovnom processe. M., 2008. S. 47.
19.Os`makov M.A. Advokatskoe rassledovanie v sovremennom ugolovnom processe. Vladimir, 2007.
20.Salakko A.S. Perspektivy` sovershenstvovaniya instituta advokatskogo rassledovaniya // Probely` v rossijskom zakonodatel`stve. 2017. № 2. S. 158–162.
21.https://old.bigenc.ru/law/text/3638194.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Judicial Control in Accordance with Part 5 of Article 165 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation: Separate Problems of Theory and Law Enforcement
KUDRYAVTSEV Vladislav Leonidovich
Doctor of Law, Professor of Department of Criminal Law and Procedure of the St. Petersburg Institute (branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA Russian Ministry of Justice)
199178, St. Petersburg, V.O., 10th line, 19, letter A, Russian Federation
Abstract: Purpose of article is to study the subsequent judicial control through separate problems of theory and law enforcement. The article examines judicial control through separate problems of theory and law enforcement in accordance with part 5 of article 165 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. It has been established that the consistently high level of both compliance by the investigator / inquirer with the rule of law in the conduct of an investigative action and the court's decisions on recognizing it as lawful does not mean at all that the problems of subsequent judicial control are basically all or almost all solved, discussions on a number of fundamental problems are still ongoing and not over. It is shown that these are problems such as determining the optimal number / list of investigative actions according to part 5 of article 165 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, a uniform understanding and, accordingly, the application of the evaluation category «cannot be delayed». According to these and other problems, conclusions were drawn, including such that the subsequent judicial control with an exhaustive list of investigative actions less than in the preliminary one was formed by the legislator based on their exceptional importance and significance for the disclosure and investigation of the crime, thereby expanding, unlike part 1 of article 165 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, the possibilities of combating crime in a situation that cannot be delayed, but with mandatory subsequent verification by the court of their legality.
The article has scientific value, representing a comprehensive analysis of individual existing problems in the theory and practice of subsequent judicial control.
Keywords: the criminal process, subsequent judicial control, investigator/inquirer, judge, investigative actions, cannot be delayed
References
1.Aktual`ny`e problemy` ugolovnogo processa: ucheb. dlya ad``yunktov i magistrantov obrazovatel`ny`x organizacij sistemy` MVD RF. SPb.: CzNIT «Asterion», 2022.
2.Axmedov U.N., Dutov N.Yu. Tipovy`e problemy`, voznikayushhie pri proizvodstve sledstvenny`x dejstvij, provodimy`x po sudebnomu resheniyu // Vestnik Voronezhskogo instituta FSIN Rossii. 2023. № 2. S. 164–169.
3.Burmagin S.V. Konceptual`ny`e osnovy` edinstva ugolovnogo pravosudiya i differencirovannosti sudebny`x proizvodstv: v 2 t.: dis. ... d-ra yurid. nauk. Volgograd, 2022.
4.By`kov V.M. Storona obvineniya v ugolovnom processe Rossii: monografiya. M.: Yurajt, 2018.
5.Davy`dovskaya M.V. Obshhie pravila proizvodstva sledstvenny`x dejstvij: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2023.
6.Kal`niczkij V.V. Sudebnoe zasedanie v dosudebnom proizvodstve po ugolovny`m delam: ucheb. posob. Omsk: Omskaya akademiya MVD Rossii, 2009.
7.Karetnikov A., Arzamasceva K. Razreshenie suda na proizvodstvo sledstvenny`x dejstvij // Zakonnost`. 2011. № 2. S. 43–47.
8.Korotkov A.A., Timofeev A.V. 900 otvetov na voprosy` prokurorsko-sledstvenny`x rabotnikov po primeneniyu UPK RF: Kommentarij. M.: E`kzamen, 2004.
9.Kudryavcev V.L. Sudebny`j kontrol` v poryadke st. 165 UPK RF: nekotory`e problemy` i ix reshenie // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo Rossii i zarubezhny`x gosudarstv: problemy` i perspektivy` razvitiya: Materialy` mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakt. konferencii, Sankt-Peterburg, 24 noyabrya 2023 goda. SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskij universitet MVD RF, 2023. S. 118–123.
10.Ogorodov A.N. Processual`naya samostoyatel`nost` sledovatelya v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve: dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2017.
11.Osipov A.V. Normativnaya model` isklyuchitel`ny`x sluchaev, pri kotory`x proizvodstvo sledstvenny`x dejstvij ne terpit otlagatel`stva // Izvestiya Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2012. № 2–2(74). S. 124–128.
12.Podol`skij M.A. Sudebny`e resheniya v dosudebnom proizvodstve po ugolovnomu delu: voprosy` teorii i praktiki: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Ekaterinburg, 2007.
13.Problemy` teorii i praktiki ugolovnogo processa: istoriya i sovremennost` / pod red. V.A. Panyushkina. Voronezh: Izd-vo Voronezhskogo gos. un-ta, 2006.
14.Rossinskij S.B. Razmy`shleniya ob e`ffektivnosti sudebnogo kontrolya za proizvodstvom sledstvenny`x dejstvij // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2017. № 423. S. 225–235.
15.Serebrov D.O. Sudebny`j kontrol` za zakonnost`yu i obosnovannost`yu proizvodstva sledstvenny`x dejstvij, ogranichivayushhix konstitucionny`e prava i svobody` lichnosti: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. N. Novgorod, 2004.
16.Smirnova I.S. Primenenie polozhenij Postanovleniya Plenuma Verxovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii «O praktike rassmotreniya sudami xodatajstv o proizvodstve sledstvenny`x dejstvij, svyazanny`x s ogranicheniem konstitucionny`x prav grazhdan (stat`ya 165 UPK RF)», kasayushhixsya predvaritel`nogo sudebnogo kontrolya // Vestnik Omskoj yuridicheskoj akademii. 2018. T. 15. № 3. S. 304–309.
17.Solov`ev A.B. Obespechenie obosnovannosti provedeniya osmotra zhilishha, oby`ska i vy`emki v zhilishhe v isklyuchitel`ny`x sluchayax, ne terpyashhix otlagatel`stva // Ugolovnoe pravo. 2004. № 2. S. 103–104.
18.Stel`max V.Yu. Sistema sredstv dokazy`vaniya v dosudebny`x stadiyax ugolovnogo processa: problemy` teorii, normativnogo regulirovaniya i praktiki: dis. ... d-ra yurid. nauk. Ekaterinburg, 2021.
19.Umyarova R. R. Processual`ny`j poryadok realizacii posleduyushhego sudebnogo kontrolya (po pravilam ch. 5 st. 165 UPK RF) // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. 2023. № 4 (100). S. 173–180.
20.Fomichev P.V. Processual`ny`e osnovaniya provedeniya sledstvenny`x dejstvij v rossijskom ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Saratov, 2016.
21.Xromenkov I.R. Obespechenie sudom pravovy`x interesov v dosudebny`x stadiyax rossijskogo ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2022.
22.Obobshhenie praktiki primeneniya Ky`zy`lskim gorodskim sudom polozhenij stat`i 165 UPK RF za 2015 god [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://kizilskiy-g.tva.sudrf.ru/modules.php?name=docum_sud&id=1174.
23.Obzor sudebnoj praktiki po primeneniyu polozhenij stat`i 165 UPK Rossijskoj Federacii (utv. Prezidiumom Verxovnogo Suda Respubliki Mordoviya 23 noyabrya 2017 g.) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://vs.mor.sudrf.ru/modules.php?name=docum_sud&id=530.
24.Obobshhenie sudebnoj praktiki primeneniya sudami Volgogradskoj oblasti polozhenij st. 165 UPK RF (utv. prezidiumom Volgogradskogo oblastnogo suda 26.10.2016). Dokument opublikovan ne by`l. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tantPlyus».
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
About the Illegal Administrative Impact of Law Enforcement Agencies on the Activities of Small and Medium Enterprise Entities
LYANNAY Gleb Gennadievich
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of Baikal State University
664003, Irkutsk, Lenin Str., 11, k4, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article discusses issues related to illegal pressure on small and medium-sized businesses. Law enforcement agencies, in particular internal affairs bodies (police), in order to increase the performance indicators of individual units and contrary to the current legislation defining the powers of the police to identify and document administrative offenses in the field of business activities, as well as in the absence of legal norms directly regulating the procedure for detection administrative offenses, many years of practice have created an informal system that allows law enforcement agencies to interfere in the activities of entrepreneurs, which negatively affects business development, generates distrust in authorities, and reduces entrepreneurial activity. At the same time, violations of the norms of administrative tort legislation are not taken into account by the judicial authorities when considering cases of administrative offenses, which increases the statistics of bringing entrepreneurs to justice, contributes to the cessation of the activities of trade enterprises, public catering, and the provision of services to the population, and therefore destroys one of the elements of the system formation of the country's budget. The legal initiative to exclude from the powers of internal affairs bodies the initiation of cases of administrative offenses in the field of business activity under many articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation was subjected to consideration, which, in the author’s opinion, can significantly reduce the level of negative administrative impact on business and reduce the control and supervisory burden. The author gives an example of illegal interference of law enforcement entities in the activities of a commercial enterprise, explores the reasons for the illegal actions of law enforcement agencies, as a result of which he draws conclusions. The methodological basis of the study was made up of general and specific scientific methods of cognition, as well as other methods: the study of regulations, judicial practice, previously published scientific works on this topic.
Keywords: control and supervisory activities, administrative measures, small and medium-sized businesses, entrepreneurial activity, police
References
1.Sanina L.V. Opy`t okazaniya gosudarstvennoj podderzhki sub``ektam malogo i srednego predprinimatel`stva v regionax Rossii // Baikal Research Journal. 2014. № 3 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opyt-okazaniya-gosudarstvennoy-podderzhki-subektam-malogo-i-srednego-predprinimatelstva-v-regionah-rossii.
2.Lyannoj G.G. Administrativno-pravovy`e mery`, napravlenny`e na snizhenie nagruzki na biznes, kak mexanizm zashhity` predprinimatelej // Vestnik UYuI. 2023. № 2 (100). S. 39–45 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/administrativno-pravovye-mery-napravlennye-na-snizhenie-nagruzki-na-biznes-kak-mehanizm-zaschity-predprinimateley.
3.Prokazin E.A. Mnenie Verxovnogo Suda o primenenii sudami preduprezhdeniya vmesto shtrafa // Vremya Buxgaltera: e`lektronny`j zhurnal [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.v2b.ru/articles/kak-primenyaetsya-novaya-norma-o-zamene-shtrafa-preduprezhdeniem.
4.Genprokuratura podderzhala ideyu utochnit` zamenu shtrafa na preduprezhdenie // RBK [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/society/22/01/2024/65ad15ba9a79475d579a7ab7?from=copy.
5.Novichkova E.E., Pestov R.A., Mashekuasheva M.X. Mexanizmy` vy`yavleniya administrativny`x pravonarushenij policiej. Teoreticheskij i prikladnoj aspekty` // Pravo i upravlenie. 2023. № 2. S. 133–140.
6.Kireenko A.P. Osobennosti razvitiya i funkcionirovaniya malogo i srednego biznesa v Irkutskoj oblasti (po rezul`tatam sociologicheskix issledovanij) / A.P. Kireenko, D.I. Sachkov, A.A. Marasanova, L.V. Sanina // Baikal Research Journal. 2014. № 4 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-razvitiya-i-funktsionirovaniya-malogo-i-srednego-biznesa-v-irkutskoy-oblasti-po-rezultatam-sotsiologicheskih-issledovaniy.
7.Lapin V.O. Predvaritel`naya proverka soobshhenij o prestupleniyax v sfere predprinimatel`skoj deyatel`nosti: kriminalisticheskij aspekt // Trudy` Akademii upravleniya MVD Rossii. 2022. № 1 (61). S. 90–100 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/predvaritelnaya-proverka-soobscheniy-o-prestupleniyah-v-sfere-predprinimatelskoy-deyatelnosti-kriminalisticheskiy-aspekt.
8.Farafonov A.A. Zashhita biznesa ot nalogovy`x proverok i proverok pravooxranitel`ny`mi organami // Sborniki konferencij NICz Sociosfera. 2020. № 24. S. 242–245.
9.Prokurory` presekli v 30 regionax Rossii nezakonnoe vmeshatel`stvo policii v rabotu biznesa // General`na-ya prokuratura Rossijskoj Federacii. 7 fevralya 2023 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://epp.genproc.gov.ru/web/gprf/mass-media/news?item=85137682.
10.Bondarenko V.O. Analiz dinamiki ugolovnogo zakonodatel`stva v sfere predprinimatel`skoj deyatel`nos-ti // Modern Science. 2020. № 6-3. S. 239–242.
11.Novichkova E.E. Administrativno-pravovy`e mery`, napravlenny`e na zashhitu malogo i srednego predprinimatel`stva // Aktual`ny`e problemy` administrativnogo i administrativno-processual`nogo prava (Sorokinskie chteniya): Sbornik statej po materialam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvyashhyonnoj pamyati doktora yuridicheskix nauk, professora, zasluzhennogo deyatelya nauki Rossijskoj Federacii Sorokina Valentina Dmitrievicha v svyazi so 100-letiem so dnya rozhdeniya, Sankt-Peterburg, 29 marta 2024 goda. SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskij universitet MVD RF, 2024. S. 214–219.
12.Plenarnoe zasedanie Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo e`konomicheskogo foruma. 16 iyunya 2023 g. // Sajt Kremlya [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/71445.
13.Policiya ne smozhet vozbuzhdat` administrativny`e dela protiv biznesa. 10 noyabrya 2023 g. [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.retail.ru/news/politsiya-ne-smozhet-vozbuzhdat-administrativnye-dela-protiv-biznesa.
14.Borovikova Kristina, Galieva Diana. Govorite ne pod protokol. Reforma kontrol`no-nadzornoj deyatel`nosti // Kommersant. 2023. 25 sentyabrya [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6236843.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Promised Refusal to Report a Crime in Advance: a Doctrinal Approach
BASKHANOV Akhmed Magomedovich
Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Law of the Educational and Scientific Complex for Preliminary Investigation in the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
400075, Volgograd, st. Historical, 130, Russian Federation
Abstract: The work is devoted to the analysis of two points of view that have developed in the doctrine of criminal law regarding the attribution of a previously promised failure to report a crime to the institution of complicity in a crime or to the institution of touching a crime.
Keywords: promised failure to report a crime in advance, touching a crime, complicity in a crime, intellectual complicity, terrorism, extremism
References
1.Sovetskoe ugolovnoe pravo. Chast` obshhaya: ucheb. posob. dlya yurid. vuzov i fakul`tetov / Vsesoyuz. in-t yurid. nauk Ministerstva yusticii SSSR. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1952.
2.Grishaev P.I., Kriger G.A. Souchastie po sovetskomu ugolovnomu pravu. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1959.
3.Razgil`diev B.T. Ugolovno-pravovy`e problemy` prikosnovennosti k prestupleniyu / pod red. A.P. Gorsheneva. Saratov: Izd-vo Saratovskogo un-ta, 1981.
4.Klimenko Yu.A. Nesoobshhenie o prestuplenii (stat`ya 205.6 UK RF): yuridicheskaya priroda, sootnoshenie s ukry`vatel`stvom i souchastiem v terrorizme // Aktual`ny`e problemy` rossijskogo prava. 2017. № 9. S. 163–171.
5.O vvedenii v dejstvie Ugolovnogo kodeksa RSFSR 1922 goda (vmeste s Ugolovny`m kodeksom RSFSR): postanovlenie VCIK ot 01.06.1922 (red. ot 25.08.1924) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.-consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=ESU&n=3006.
6.O vvedenii v dejstvie Ugolovnogo kodeksa RSFSR redakcii 1926 goda (vmeste s Ugolovny`m kodeksom RSFSR): postanovlenie VCIK ot 22.11.1926 (red. ot 25.11.1935) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=ESU&n=45499#reRCjNT6xVIbExpo.
7.Ochered`ko V.A. Ugolovno-pravovoe znachenie prikosnovennosti k prestupleniyu: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Krasnodar, 2020.
8.Ochered`ko V.A. Osobennosti kvalifikacii nesoobshheniya o prestuplenii // Rossijskoe pravo: obrazovanie, praktika, nauka. 2019. № 2. S. 43–47.
9.Moskalev G.L. Problemy` ugolovno-pravovoj reglamentacii nesoobshheniya o prestuplenii (st. 205.6 UK RF) // Akademicheskij yuridicheskij zhurnal. 2017. № 3. S. 21–29.
10.Krutikina Yu.A. Ugolovnaya otvetstvennost` za nesoobshhenie o prestuplenii: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2020.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Legal Regulation of Inheritance of Digital Assets with the Participation of Notaries: Best Practices
KYRLAN Marchel Georgievich
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activities of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky Ave., 49, Russian Federation
SHAYDULLINA Venera Kamilevna
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Faculty of Law of State Academic University for the Humanities
119049, Moscow, Maronovsky lane, 26, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in the legal regulation of inheritance of digital assets with the participation of notaries. During the study, the websites of notaries in the following countries were analyzed: France, Spain, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, and Spain. These jurisdictions establish a permissive model for regulating digital assets. It was determined that in Russian practice it is possible to use some of the countries’ experience, which is considered effective: 1) in relation to digital currency, it seems appropriate to establish a rule establishing the possibility of inheritance of tokens; 2) when inheriting social network accounts and personal blogs, heirs must prove their ownership to the testator; 3) the possibility of transferring rights to administer domains by inheritance should be provided only when the heir enters into the inheritance and provides the registrar with evidence of acceptance of the inheritance.
Keywords: digital assets, foreign experience, account, token, notary, inheritance, notary, inheritance
References
1.Volos A.A. Cifrovizaciya obshhestva i ob``ekty` nasledstvennogo pravopreemstva // Pravo. Zhurnal Vy`sshej shkoly` e`konomiki. 2022. T. 15. № 3. S. 16.
2.Korsik K.A. Nekotory`e aspekty` preventivnoj funkcii notariata // Aktual`ny`e problemy` rossijskogo prava. 2021. № 5 (126). S. 149.
3.Medvedev S.N. Nasledstvennoe pravo Ispanii // Gumanitarny`e i yuridicheskie issledovaniya. 2018. № 1. S. 168.
4.Sidorenko O.A. Pravovy`e aspekty` nasledovaniya kriptovalyuty` // Innovacii. Nauka. Obrazovanie. 2021. № 31. S. 749.
5.Skrebecz E.V. Opy`t pravovogo regulirovaniya nasledovaniya cifrovy`x aktivov v gosudarstvax Evropy` // Modern Science. 2021. № 7. S. 106.
6.Berlee A. Digital Inheritance in the Netherlands // Journal of European Consumer and Market Law. 2017. № 6. P. 258.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Theoretical and Legal Analysis of the Concept of «Property Crisis» with other Concepts, which Characterize the Unsatisfying Financial Condition of the Organization
NEVEROV Stanislav Olegovych
Advocate, member of the Nevsky Bar Association of St. Petersburg, member of the National Association of Bankruptcy and Troubled Asset Management Specialists «Bankruptcy Club», Postgraduate Student of the University of the Interparliamentary Assembly of the EurAsEC (St. Petersburg)
195277, St. Petersburg, Smolyachkova st., 14, building 1, litera b, Russian Federation
Abstract: The bankrupt concept of «property crisis» still has no objective criteria and signs. In addition, a property crisis is understood, among other things, as a crisis situation that may occur in the future. In this article, the author attempts to distinguish the concepts of «property crisis», «objective bankruptcy», «insolvency», «insufficiency of property», to identify similarities and differences of concepts, as well as to pose theoretical and practical problems that arise and require resolution.
Keywords: property crisis, objective bankruptcy, insolvency, insufficiency of property, the predictable crisis of the organization
References
1.Miftaxutdinov R.T., Shajdullin I.A. Nauchno-prakticheskij kommentarij k Obzoru sudebnoj praktiki razresheniya sporov, svyazanny`x s ustanovleniem v procedurax bankrotstva trebovanij, kontroliruyushhix dolzhnika i affilirovanny`x s nim licz, utv. Prezidiumom VS RF 29.01.2020 // Vestnik e`konomicheskogo pravosudiya RF: prilozhenie k vy`pusku. 2020. № 9. C. 51. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tantPlyus».
2.Suvorov E.D. Stat`ya: «K voprosu o ponyatii bankrotstva» // Lex Russica. 2020. Noyabr`. T. 73. № 11 (168). S. 24 [E`lektronny`j resurs] URL: https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/viewFile/1605/971.
3.Civilisty` o bankrotstve: sbornik nauchno-prakticheskix statej. M.: Associaciya vy`pusknikov RShChP, 2021. S. 57.
4.Ulezko A.S., Stasyuk I.V. Krizisny`e sostoyaniya yuridicheskogo licza v Rossijskom bankrotnom prave. M.: Statut, 2022. S. 98.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
State Control During Enforcement Proceedings
FOMIN Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Postgraduate Student of Samara State Economic University
443090, Samara, st. Soviet Army, 141, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article examines the control powers of the bailiff and other types of state control during enforcement proceedings.
Keywords: enforcement proceedings, state control, bailiff, control powers
References
1.Federal`ny`j zakon № 248-FZ «O gosudarstvennom kontrole (nadzore) i municipal`nom kontrole v Rossijskoj Federacii» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_358750/92dd2b5bacbe0c35bc07c3096528f0e5046d4af9.
2.Federal`ny`j zakon «Ob ispolnitel`nom proizvodstve» № 229-FZ [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_71450/.
3.Federal`ny`j zakon № 118-FZ «Ob organax prinuditel`nogo ispolneniya RF» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_15281/.
4.Palunina A. Status sudebnogo pristava // E`Zh-Yurist. 2003. № 11 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://base.garant.ru/3952588.
5.Ispolnitel`noe proizvodstvo: processual`naya priroda i civilisticheskie osnovy`: sbornik materialov Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii / otv. red. D.X. Valeev, M.Yu. Chely`shev. M., 2009.
6.Gureeva V.A. Nastol`naya kniga sudebnogo pristava-ispolnitelya: ucheb.-praktich. posob. / pod red. V.A. Gureeva, S.V. Sazanova. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Statut, 2013 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785835408825.html.
7.Spravochnik po dokazy`vaniyu v grazhdanskom sudoproizvodstve / pod red. I.V. Reshetnikovoj. 5-e izd., dop. i pererab. M.: Norma: INFRA-M, 2011.
8.Valeev D.X. Kommentarij k Federal`nomu zakonu «Ob ispolnitel`nom proizvodstve» (s postatejny`mi materialami)». M.: Statut, 2011 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.studentlibrary.ru/book/ISBN9785835407446.html.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Comparative Analysis of Current Crime Trends in European Countries
BAGREEVA Elena Gennadievna
Doctor of Law, Сandidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and Leading Researcher at the State University of Land Management
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky ave., 49, Russian Federation
Аbstract: This article examines a comparative analysis of the state of crime in the European Union as a whole, using the example of Bulgaria and Russia in particular. It is proved that the state of crime in different countries is a reflection of the geopolitical events of recent years. The increase in indicators in European countries for such types of crimes as theft, robbery and murder is discussed, while Russian indicators tend to significantly decrease. The reasons for such a different crime pattern in the EU and Russia are analyzed.
Keywords: crime, trends, theft, murder, crime in the European Union, crime in Russia, crime in Bulgaria, causes of crimes
References
1.https://mvd.rf/reports/item/49477631?ysclid=lvkpqbdqxy282492479.
2.https://mvd.rf/reports/item/37377025/?ysclid=lvo40b9h8l676108020.
3.Mantarova A., Bagreeva E. Comparative Analysis of Crime Trends in Russia and Bulgaria (2019 –2021) // Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific and Practical Conference «COVID-19: Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals». Vol. 1. RTCOV, 2021. P. 156–165.
4.Mantarova A. Prest``pnostta v B``lgariya v usloviyata na pandemiyata ot COVID-19 // Politicheski xorizonti. Br. 4, 2020. C. 97–114 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.polhorizons.wordpress.com.
5.https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Crime_statistics&action=statexp-seat&lang=ru.
6.Mantarova A. S``stoyanie i dinamika n aprest``pnost-ta v B``lgariya: percepcii i reakcii // Prevenciya i upravlenie na riskove. Sofiya: Izd. Avangard Prima, 2023.
7.Mantarova, A., Bagreeva E., St. Naumova. Deviacii i prest``pnost: ustojchivost i dinamika na determinantite. Sofiya, 2020.
8.Mantarova A. Ustojchivost` i dinamika determinant prestupnosti v Bolgarii // EDITION OF SOCIOLOŠKI PREGLED / SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW. Book 3 of the New Series – IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR ĐORĐE TASIĆ: LIFE, WORKSANDECHOES. 2023. C. 221–234 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ssd.org.rs/wp-ontent/uploads/2023/10/Zbornik_Tasic_Final_Web.pdf.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Protection of the Rights of Minors from Sexual Violence: Implementation of the Provisions of Article 132 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in Judicial Practice
YAROSHENKO Olga Nikolaevna
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Judge of Nizhny Novgorod Regional Court
603951, Nizhny Novgorod, st. Studencheskaya, 23, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article discusses issues of public danger and illegality of crimes against the sexual integrity of minors. Protecting the rights of minors from sexual assault and sexual violence in modern conditions involves the creation of comprehensive measures to counter such criminal attacks. The fundamental principle is the sexual integrity and moral protection of minors from unlawful criminal attacks, both in general and from members of their family.
Keywords: sexual integrity, violent acts of a sexual nature, sexual violence, public danger
References
1.Lukasheva E.A. Chelovek, pravo, civilizacii: normativno-cennostnoe izmerenie. M.: Norma, 2009. S. 151.
2.Tasakov S.V. Poboi i istyazanie v sisteme prestuplenij protiv zdorov`ya lichnosti (ugolovno-pravovoj i nravstvenny`j aspekt) // Rossijskaya yusticiya. 2008. № 10. S. 39–42.
3.E`nciklopediya mudrosti. M.: ROSSSA, 2007. S. 136.
4.Grinenko G.V. Istoriya filosofii: uchebnik. M.: Yurajt-Izdat, 2004. S. 220–221.
5.Populyarnaya medicinskaya e`nciklopediya / pod red. B.V. Petrovskogo. M., 1979. S. 501.
6.Putilov P.N. Normal`noe razvitie nesovershennoletnix kak ob``ekt ugolovno-pravovoj oxrany`: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Omsk, 1999. S. 3.
7.Prigovor Kstovskogo gorodskogo suda Nizhegorodskoj oblasti ot 10 fevralya 2022 goda, delo № 1-15/2020, Arxiv suda.
8.Prigovor Kstovskogo gorodskogo suda Nizhegorodskoj oblasti ot 15 iyunya 2023 goda, delo № 1-106/2023, Arxiv suda.
9.Putilo N.V. Shkol`naya forma: obzor praktiki realizacii norm Federal`nogo zakona ot 29 dekabrya 2012 g. № 273-FZ «Ob obrazovanii v Rossijskoj Federacii» // Ezhegodnik rossijskogo obrazovatel`nogo zakonodatel`stva. 2014. T. 9. S. 108–109.
10.Kommentarij k UK RF / pod red. A.V. Arendarenko, N.N. Afanas`eva, V.E. Batyukova. M., 1997. S. 220.
11.Levertova R.A. Otvetstvennost` za psixicheskoe nasilie po sovetskomu ugolovnomu pravu. Omsk, 1978. S. 6.
12.Ter-Akopov A.A. O pravovy`x aspektax psixicheskoj aktivnosti i psixologicheskoj bezopasnosti cheloveka // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 1993. № 4. S. 93.
13.Lobanova L.V., Larionova L.N. Soderzhanie kvalificiruyushhego priznaka «iny`e tyazhkie posledstviya» v interpretacii Plenuma Verxovnogo Suda RF // Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 5: Yurisprudenciya. 2016. № 2. S. 42.
14.Deklaraciya prav rebenka (prinyata 20.11.1959 Rezolyuciej 1386 (XIV) na 841-m plenarnom zasedanii General`noj Assamblei OON) // Mezhdunarodnaya zashhita prav i svobod cheloveka: sbornik dokumentov. M.: Yuridicheskaya literatura, 1990. S. 385–388.
15.Ivanova V.V. Prestupnoe nasilie: ucheb. posob. dlya vuzov. M., 2002. S. 35.
16.Kommentarij k UK RF / pod red. I. Radchenko, A.S. Mixlina. M., 2000. S. 225.
17.Kratkaya medicinskaya e`nciklopediya: v 3 t. M., 1989. T. 2. S. 479.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
About the Negative Consequences of Using «Clichés» for Judicial Acts
SULTANOV Aydar Rustemovich
Candidate of Law, Honored Lawyer of the Republic of Tatarstan, Advocate, Head of Representative Office «Руреliaev group» in Tatarstan
125047, Moscow, st. 3-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya, 39, building 1, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article considers the problem of judicial acts created with the help of «clichés». According to the author, this is a kind of unmotivated judicial acts. The problem is considered using specific examples that served as the basis for the Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Digitalization has created conditions for the mass use of cliches in the production of judicial acts. According to the author, the verification authorities can and should stop the pseudo-motivation of judicial acts, where, instead of a proper assessment of the evidence and arguments of the parties, the use of cliches is carried out, and not encourage such law enforcement by reproducing such cliches in their judicial acts.
Keywords: reasonableness of judicial acts, cliches, Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, civil procedure, due process
References
1.Bogolyubov S.A. Yazy`k pravoprimenitel`ny`x aktov // E`kologicheskoe pravo. 2007. № 1. S. 3.
2.Knyazev S.D., Mikulin A.I. Pravo na zashhitu v proizvodstve po delam ob administrativny`x pravonarusheniyax v svete reshenij Konstitucionnogo Suda RF // Rossijskij yuridicheskij zhurnal. 2010. № 2(71). S. 145–162.
3.Yudin A.V. Osobennosti dokazy`vaniya po otdel`ny`m kategoriyam del v sudax obshhej i arbitrazhnoj yurisdikcii // Kurs dokazatel`stvennogo prava: Grazhdanskij process. Arbitrazhny`j process. Administrativnoe sudoproizvodstvo / S.F. Afanas`ev, O.V. Baulin, I.N. Luk`yanova i dr.; pod red. M.A. Fokinoj. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Statut, 2019.
4.Mikulin A.I. Pravo na zashhitu v proizvodstve po delam ob administrativny`x pravonarusheniyax: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Omsk, 2009. S. 11.
5.Sultanov A.R. O probleme motivirovannosti sudebny`x aktov, cherez prizmu postanovlenij Evropejskogo Suda po pravam cheloveka // Mezhdunarodnoe publichnoe i chastnoe pravo. 2008. № 2. S. 11–14.
6.Sultanov A.R. Yavlyaetsya li nemotivirovannoe pravosudie pravosudiem? // Rossijskij sud`ya. 2017. № 12. S. 29–33.
7.Sultanov A.R. Kopipast kak otkaz v pravosudii // Evrazijskaya advokatura. 2017. № 5(30). S. 40–44.
8.Sultanov A.R. Bezuslovnoe bezobrazie, ili Yavlyaetsya li polnoe kopirovanie teksta vozrazhenij dopustimy`m v kachestve sudebnogo resheniya? // Vestnik grazhdanskogo processa. 2017. T. 7. № 5. S.  264–282.
9.Sultanov A.R. Dolzhnaya pravovaya procedura i pravovy`e standarty` Evropejskogo Suda po pravam cheloveka // Evrazijskaya advokatura. 2013. № 1(2). S. 62–65.
10.Sultanov A.R. Pravovaya opredelennost` i spravedlivost`, ili «Yupiter, ty` serdish`sya, znachit, ty` ne prav» // Zakon. 2007. № 9. S. 157–164.
11.Postanovleniya AS MO ot 19.01.2024 po delu № A40-69862/2023, ot 24.01.2024 po delu № A40-165334/2022.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
The Use of Service Dogs in the Course of Investigative Actions
GALETSKY Vitaly Sergeevich
Candidate of Law, Head of the Legal Department State of Moscow Expert Bureau for Quality Control of works municipal facilities
101000, Moscow, Maroseyka st., 11/4, building 3, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article discusses issues related to the specifics of the use of service dogs in the production of investigative actions, reflects certain problematic aspects of both theoretical and practical nature, analyzes examples of the use of a service dog from specific criminal cases, and also makes suggestions for improving this type of activity.
Keywords: preliminary investigation, investigator, inquirer, specialist dog handler
References
1.Araslanov F.S., Alekseev A.A., Shigorin V.I. Dressirovka sluzhebny`x sobak: ucheb. posob. / Glavnoe upravlenie pogranichny`x vojsk KGB SSSR [E`lektronny`j resurs]. https://bookscafe.net/read/araslanov_filimon-dressirovka_sluzhebnyh_sobak 153667.html?ysclid=ltcqyjfx2h134378112#p1.
2.Dem`yanov V.A. Sovershenstvovanie pravovogo regulirovaniya statusa specialistov sluzhebnoj kinologii kak uchastnikov proizvodstva po delam ob administrativny`x pravonarusheniyax // Administrativnoe pravo i process: Sbornik nauchny`x trudov po itogam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. 2016. № 7. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tant Plyus».
3.Karpenko O.A., Razina E.P. Uchastie specialista-kinologa pri osmotre mesta proisshestviya po prestupleniyam, svyazanny`m s nezakonny`m oborotom narkoticheskix sredstv i psixotropny`x veshhestv: problemy` i puti resheniya // Kriminalistika: vchera, segodnya, zavtra: Sbornik nauchny`x trudov po itogam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. 2022. № 2(22). S. 56.
4.Palieva O.N. Taktika primeneniya rozy`skny`x sobak pri rassledovanii ubijstv // Aktual`ny`e problemy` yurisprudencii i puti resheniya: Sbornik nauchny`x trudov po itogam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Omsk, 2014. S. 55.
5.Sikerin V.G., Pogorelov V.I. i dr. Kinologicheskoe obespechenie deyatel`nosti organov i vojsk MVD RF. Kn. 2. Perm`, 2000. S. 399.
6.Federal`ny`j zakon ot 07.02.2011 № 3-FZ «O policii».
7.Prikaz MVD RF ot 31.12.2005 № 1171 «Ob utverzhdenii Nastavleniya po organizacii deyatel`nosti kinologicheskix podrazdelenij organov vnutrennix del Rossijskoj Federacii». Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tant Plyus».
8.Prikaz MVD Rossii ot 19.09.2022 № 688 «Ob utverzhdenii Poryadka obrashheniya so sluzhebny`mi zhivotny`mi v organax vnutrennix del Rossijskoj Federacii». Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tant Plyus».
9.Prikaz FTS Rossii ot 07.04.2009 № 635 «Ob utverzhdenii Nastavleniya po organizacii kinologicheskoj deyatel`nosti tamozhenny`x organov Rossijskoj Federacii». Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tant Plyus».
10.Forma «Kinologiya» za 2023 god / GIACz MVD Rossii. Ne publikovalas`.
11.Ugolovnoe delo № 12401450033000095, vozbuzhdennoe SO OMVD Rossii po rajonu Rostokino g. Moskvy`.
12.Ugolovnoe delo № 12301450157000272, vozbuzhdennoe SU UVD na Moskovskom metropolitene GU MVD Rossii po g. Moskve.
13.Prikaz MVD RF ot 31.12.2005 № 1171 «Ob utverzhdenii Nastavleniya po organizacii deyatel`nosti kinologicheskix podrazdelenij organov vnutrennix del Rossijskoj Federacii». Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tant Plyus».
14.Apellyacionnoe opredelenie Sudebnoj kollegii po ugolovny`m delam Verxovnogo Suda RF ot 31 oktyabrya 2019 g. № 18-APU19-23SP [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://vsrf.ru/stor_pdf.php?id=1834192.
15.Byulleten` Verxovnogo Suda RF. 2013. № 7. S. 26.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Improvement of Criminal Legal Mechanisms to Counter Crimes Against Sexual Inviolability
NIFTALIEVA Irina Alisalamovna
Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Law of the Educational and Scientific Complex for Preliminary Investigation in the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
400075, Volgograd, st. Historical, d. 130, Russian Federation
Abstract: The unconditional national priority today is to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of minors as the most vulnerable part of the population in need of special state protection. The author of the article emphasizes the need to create new and strengthen existing criminal legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring the protection of children and adolescents from crimes against sexual inviolability.
Keywords: minor, crime, sexual inviolability, sexualized violence, statute of limitations, pornographic images
References
1.Poslanie Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii Federal`no-mu Sobraniyu Rossijskoj Federacii. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tantPlyus».
2.Nikolaeva Yu.V. Zashhita prav nesovershennoletnix: Ugolovny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii obnovlyaetsya, problemy` ostayutsya // Obrazovanie i pravo. 2020. № 7. S. 265–272.
3.Kon I.S. Sovrashhenie detej i seksual`noe nasilie // Pedagogika. 1998. № 5. S. 58–66.
4.Baza danny`x sudebny`x aktov, sudebny`x reshenij i normativny`x dokumentov [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://sudact.ru.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Portrait of a Modern Terrorist: Criminological Aspect
ZARINA Alexandra Mikhailovna
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of International and Public Law of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky Ave., 49/2, Russian Federation
Abstract: We have identified individual signs of a modern terrorist: a male person, specially trained in hot spots or who has undergone special training abroad, with unstable views, a low educational level, easily drawn into anti-state groups guided by pseudo-religious ideas, mercenaries.
Keywords: terrorist, terrorist personality, religion, pseudo-religious motives, emotional instability
References
1.Antonyan Yu.M. Terrorizm. Kriminologicheskoe i ugolovno-pravovoe issledovanie. M., 1998.
2.Aleksanyan D.G. Psixologicheskij portret terrorista-smertnika // Alleya nauki. 2018. T. 3. № 3 (19). S. 311–313.
3.Bagreeva E.G. Social`ny`e regulyatory` v usloviyax novogo vremeni // Evrazijskaya advokatura. 2022. № 3 (58). S. 110.
4.Degtyar` O.N., Ponomarev V.V. Psixologicheskij portret terrorista // Psixicheskoe i psixologicheskoe zdorov`e cheloveka v XXI veke: pravovy`e, politicheskie, social`no-e`konomicheskie i gumanitarny`e aspekty`: materialy` mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Novorossijsk, 2016. S. 46–48.
5.Zyatev K.V., Chernoshej Yu.P. Istoki i metody` radi-kal`nogo islamskogo terrorizma // Kursantskie issledovaniya: sbornik nauchny`x rabot. Mogilev, 2016. S. 112–114.
6.Kriminologiya: uchebnik dlya vuzov / O.S. Kapinus i dr.; pod obshh. red. O.S. Kapinus. 2-e izd., pererab.i dop., M.: Yurajt, 2024.
7.Mashekuasheva M.X. Xarakterny`e sostavlyayushhie lichnosti i predposy`lki, svojstvenny`e lyudyam, sovershayushhim terakty` // Probely` v rossijskom zakonodatel`stve. 2021. T. 14. № 3. S. 125–128.
8.Mixalenko A.A., Tairova L.R., Gorozij E.A., Gulieva S.R. Potencial`ny`j terrorist: ego social`ny`e i psixologicheskie xarakteristiki // Alleya nauki. 2018. T. 3. № 8 (24). S. 282–286.
9.Okutina N.N., Maslyaeva A.E. Osobennosti kriminologicheskoj xarakteristiki lichnosti prestupnika-terrorista // Simbirskij nauchny`j vestnik. 2022. № 2 (46). S. 92–98.
10.Psixologicheskoe obespechenie antiterroristicheskoj deyatel`nosti: ucheb. posob. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushhixsya po napravleniyu i special`nostyam psixologii / M.I. Mar`in, Yu.G. Kasperovich. M.: Akademiya, 2007 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/view/01003119670?redirect=http %3A %2F %2Fdlib.rsl.ru %2Frsl01 003000000 %2Frsl01003119000 %2Frsl01003119670 %2Frsl01003119670.pdf.
11.Psixologiya e`kstremizma i terrorizma: ucheb. posob. dlya vuzov / V.V. Konstantinov, R.V. Osin. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Yurajt, 2024.
12.Serebryakova S.A. Kriminologicheskij portret terrorista-smertnika // Pravovoe regulirovanie sovremennogo obshhestva: teoriya, metodologiya, praktika: materialy` II Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Tixoreczk, 2017. S. 346–350.
13.Stankevich A.M., Pushkin A.V. Osobennosti kriminologicheskogo portreta lichnosti sovremennogo terrorista // Izvestiya Tul`skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. E`konomicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki. 2016. № 2-2. S. 185–190.
14.Stukolova L.S., Zakirova D.A. Psixologiya sovremennogo terrorizma // Alleya nauki. 2018. T. 5. № 6 (22). S. 546–549.
15.Sy`romyatnikov I. Portret terrorista: uglublennoe issledovanie // Osnovy` bezopasnosti zhiznedeyatel`nosti. 2018. № 4 (220). S. 10–15.
16.Ul`yanova A.A. Kriminologicheskaya xarakteristika lichnosti terrorista // Sovremenny`e problemy` ugolovnogo prava i processa: sbornik nauchny`x trudov 59-j studencheskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii / pod red. V.E. Stepenko. 2019. S. 126–133.
17.Fasxudinova M.A. Psixologicheskij portret terrorista // Profilaktika i protivodejstvie e`kstremizmu i terrorizmu v informacionnoj srede kak uslovie obespecheniya garmonizacii mezhnacional`ny`x i e`tnokonfessional`ny`x otnoshenij: sbornik materialov IV Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Abakan, 2023. S. 53–56.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
On the Issue of the Introduction of Criminal Liability for the Illegal Use of Electricity
MINCHENKOV Vladislav Igorevich
Student of the Faculty of Law of Moscow State University
119991, Moscow, Leninskie gory, 1, p. 13, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article considers the issue of introducing criminal liability for the illegal use of electricity. The specificity and necessity of its application are highlighted. It is proposed to allocate illegal electricity consumption by unauthorized connection to a separate train, applying to it the rules characteristic of theft.
Keywords: theft, embezzlement, abuse of trust, unaccounted for electricity consumption, criminal liability
References
1.Grazhdanskoe pravo: uchebnik v 4 t. / otv. red. E.A. Suxanov. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Statut, 2020. T. III.
2.Goncharov D.Yu., Cherny`shev D.B. Problemy` ugolovno-pravovoj kvalifikacii by`tovogo xishheniya e`lektroe`nergii putem ee potrebleniya // Vestnik Ural`skogo yuridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii. 2021. № 2. S. 138–142.
3.Kurs ugolovnogo prava: Chast` osobennaya: Posyagatel`stva lichny`e i imushhestvenny`e / I.Ya. Fojniczkij; pod red., s predisl. A.A. Zhizhilenko. 7-e izd., dop. i peresmotr. Petrograd: Yuridicheskoe obshhestvo pri Petrogr. un-te, 1916.
4.Kommentarij k Ugolovnomu kodeksu Rossijskoj Federacii dlya rabotnikov prokuratury` (postatejny`j) / otv. red. V.V. Malinovskij; nauch. red. A.I. Chuchaev. M.: Prospekt, 2015.
5.Kochoi S.M. Ugolovnoe zakonodatel`stvo Rossii i zarubezhny`x gosudarstv o posyagatel`stvax na sobstvennost`. M., 2006. S. 250.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Penitentiary System: is the Staff Solve all the Problems?
BAGREEVA Elena Gennadievna
Doctor of Law, Сandidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and Leading Researcher at the State University of Land Management
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky ave., 49, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article analyzes the situation in the world with the recurrence of crimes and the possibilities of penitentiary systems to reduce these indicators.
Keywords: correctional institution, humanization of the attitude towards convicts, European penitentiary rules
References
1.Kratkaya xarakteristika sostoyaniya prestupnosti v Rossijskoj Federacii za yanvar`–aprel` 2024 goda [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: file:///C:/Users/Helen/Downloads/Sbornik_UOS.pdf.
2.Evropejskie penitenciarny`e pravila COU.
3.Komitet ministrov Soveta Evropy`. Rekomendaciya Rec (2006) 2 // Evropejskie penitenciarny`e pravila [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/420m361984?ysclid=lx33bfmegg938464383.
4.Aligaeva N.N. E`mocional`ny`e sostoyaniya osuzhden-ny`x: model` programmy` psixologicheskoj korrekcii // Psixologicheskie nauki. 2022. C. 310.
5.Ugolovno-ispolnitel`ny`j kodeks RF.
6.Bagreeva E.G., Shamsunov S.K., Bagreeva E.V. Ecoprison: Sociocultural Dreams or Legal Reality? // Ekoloji. 2019. 28(107). 4985-4989.
7.The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy and Science of Punishment. P. How to Transform a Static Security Prison into a Dynamic Organism for Change and Growth / Arne Kvernvik Nilsen and Ekaterina Bagreeva, 2021.
8.Federal`ny`j zakon ot 6 fevralya 2023 g. № 10-FZ «O probacii v Rossijskoj Federacii» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://rg.ru/gazeta/rg/2023/02/09.html.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
General and Specific Features of Legal Regulation of Governance of State Holdings in Russia
YAKOVLEV Alexander Yurievich
Doctor of Political Sciences, Leading Researcher of Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
117218, Moscow, Nakhimovsky pr., 32, Russian Federation
Abstract: In state ownership of Russia, along with small and medium-sized companies, there are holding entities. The period of active formation of state holdings began relatively recently, in the first decade of the 2000s, and continues with varying intensity to this day. The predominantly shareholder of vertically integrated structures is the Russian Federation. In the regional ownership hey are much less common. This paper examines general and specific issues of legal regulation of governance of state-owned holdings.
Keywords: holding, state holding, joint-stock company with state participation, legal regulation, legal regulation of governance
References
1.Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 21.03.2007 № 394 «Ob otkry`tom akcionernom obshhestve «Ob``edinennaya sudostroitel`naya korporaciya» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
2.Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 24.08.2018 № 497 «O nekotory`x voprosax razvitiya sudostroitel`noj otrasli» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
3.Ukaz Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii ot 01.04.2020 № 235 «Ob akcionernom obshhestve «Korporaciya morskogo priborostroeniya» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
4.Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 09.10.2023 № 753 «Ob upravlenii naxodyashhimisya v federal`noj sobstvennosti akciyami akcionernogo obshhestva «Ob``edinennaya sudostroitel`naya korporaciya» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
5.Postanovlenie Pravitel`stva RF ot 03.12.2004 № 738 «Ob upravlenii naxodyashhimisya v federal`noj sobstvennosti akciyami…» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
6.Rasporyazhenie Pravitel`stva RF ot 19.01.2024 № 94-r [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru.
7.Aminov D.I., Baczanova T.A., Zajceva-Savkovich E.V., Opokin A.B. Pravovaya ocenka nerassmotreniya sudom xodatajstv storon v grazhdanskom processe // Vestnik e`konomicheskoj bezopasnosti. 2019. № 3. S. 320–322.
8.Glazunova I.V. Delegirovanie polnomochij mezhdu organami ispolnitel`noj vlasti i organami mestnogo samoupravleniya // Aktual`ny`e voprosy` sovremennoj e`konomiki. 2022. № 12. S. 291–299.
9.Glazunova I.V. Peredacha polnomochij kak instrument realizacii upravlencheskix funkcij // Aktual`ny`e problemy` nauki administrativnogo prava i administrativnogo processa: «Lazarevskie chteniya–2023»: sbornik nauchny`x trudov po materialam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. M., 2023. S. 39–47.
10.Smotriczkaya I.I., Frolova N.D. Upravlenie v kompaniyax s gosudarstvenny`m uchastiem: e`mpiricheskij analiz s uchetom otraslevy`x e`ffektov // Menedzhment i biznes-administrirovanie. 2022. № 2. S. 100–112.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
Comparative Legal Analysis of Investments and Investment Activities in the Eurasian Economic Union
VASILYEVA Oksana Nikolaevna
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activity, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
109341, Moscow, Leningradsky Pr., 49, Russian Federation
Abstract: The EAEU member states should create a favorable investment climate, implement uniform rules of legal regulation of entrepreneurship, and ensure the implementation of innovative projects through investment. The author analyzes the legislation of such countries as Kazakhstan, Belarus, Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan. The author also examines the norms of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union, which defines the legal basis for investments in the member states.
Keywords: investments, legal regulation, investment activity, legislation, investment climate, legal act
References
1.Petrosyan S.A. Strategiya privlecheniya inostranny`x investicij v razvitie e`konomiki Respubliki Armeniya: avtoref. dis. … d-ra e`kon. nauk. M., 2015.
2.Nacional`noe agentstvo po investiciyam pri Prezidente Ky`rgy`zskoj Respubliki: oficial`ny`j sajt [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://invest.gov.kg/ru/ob-nai/ob/.
3.Doklad Evrazijskoj e`konomicheskoj komissii «O sostoyanii delovogo i investicionnogo klimata v gosudarstvax – chlenax Evrazijskogo e`konomicheskogo soyuza» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://eec.eaeunion.org/upload/files/dobd/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%2040723.pdf.
4.Punkt 75 «Dogovora o Evrazijskom e`konomiches-kom soyuze» (Podpisan v g. Astane 29.05.2014) (red. ot 24.03.2022) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 03.04.2023). Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tantPlyus».
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
Digital Technologies in Entrepreneurial Activity – Legal Aspect
NOVITSKAYA Ludmila Yurevna
Сandidate of Pedagogocal Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activity of the Financial University Under the Government of the Russian Federation
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky ave., 49, Russian Federation
Abstract: Today, modern business is no longer able to ignore the emergence of digital technologies. Many sectors of the economy reduce costs and the cost of goods due to digital technologies. The author examines the legal basis of digital technologies in business, analyzes the legal regulation of data storage and processing.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, digital technologies, economics, legislation, smart contracts
References
1.Dreving S.R., Frolova V.B. Razvitie cifrovy`x navy`kov specialistov finansovogo sektora // Finansovaya zhizn`. 2019. № 4. S. 58–61.
2.Vikulova O.I. Didzhitalizaciya v sfere marketingovy`x kommunikacij // E`konomicheskoe razvitie Rossii: tochka balansa v mirovoj e`kosisteme i infrastruktura budushhego: Materialy` Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. T. 1 / pod red. I.V. Shevchenko. 2022. S. 162–166.
3.Sberbank (digital business) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://clck.ru/Xdps8.
4.Myasnikova L.A., Fedotova S.N. Cifrovaya sinergiya v logisticheskom upravlenii parkom gruzovy`x vagonov // Logistika i upravlenie cepyami postavok: sbornik nauchny`x trudov. Vy`p. 4(17) / pod red. V.V. Shherbakova, E.A. Smirnovoj. SPb., 2020. C. 116–124.
5.https://company.rzd.ru/ru/9349/page/105554?accessible=true&id=2435.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
Foreign Experience in Notarial Certification of Corporate Decisions
SHAYDULLINA Venera Kamilevna
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor of Faculty of Law of the State Academic University for the Humanities
119049, Moscow, Maronovsky lane, 26, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in notarization of corporate relations using the example of decisions to change the sole executive body. The author reviewed the experience of countries such as the Netherlands, Germany, France, and Indonesia. It has been established that Germany occupies a leading position in the detailed regulation of the procedure for the participation of a notary in the process of activity of a legal entity in the matter of changing the management of the company. In other countries, one can also note a tendency towards the spread of notarial activities in the field of corporate law (Spain, France, Indonesia). To guarantee the stability of the country's economy, it is recommended to amend the current legislation in terms of establishing the obligation of subjects of corporate law to provide notarizations for all important decisions in the activities of a legal entity.
Keywords: general director, sole executive body, notary, corporate relations, notary, certification
References
1.Grazhdanskij kodeks. Niderlandy` [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.businesslegalconsultancy.com/nl/titel-1-algemene-bepalingen.
2.Notarius v Ispanii: korporativny`e otnosheniya [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ru.jesusbenavides.es/uslugi/akt-o-benefitsiarnom-vladenii.
3.Pasko S. Notariat Francii i Rossii. Obshhee i osobennoe v statuse i poryadke notarial`nogo soprovozhdeniya dogovorov // Notarial`ny`j vestnik. 2018. № 6. S. 42–48.
4.Protokol obshhego sobraniya (fr.) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.legalplace.fr/guides/pv-assemblee-generale/#.
5.Rol` notariusa v kompaniyax (fr.) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.izilaw.fr/notaire/entreprise.
6.Skachkova O.S., Akopyan N.T. Notarial`ny`e dejstviya v sfere korporativnogo prava: sravnitel`no-pravovoj analiz Rossii i zarubezhny`x stran // Aktual`ny`e problemy` pravovedeniya. 2021. № 1(69). S. 25–28.
7.Umber Zh.F. Novejshie cifrovy`e texnologii na sluzhbe biznesa. Franciya // Notarial`ny`j vestnik. 2019. № 8. S. 6–11.
8.Cifrovoj yurist. Notarial`ny`e rasxody` pri sozdanii obshhestva s ogranichennoj otvetstvennost`yu (nem.) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.firma.de/firmengruendung/notarkosten-bei-der-gmbh-gruendung.
9.Yuli Tri Yana, Amin Purnawan, Widhi Handoko. Role and Responsibilities of Notary Statement on General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/SANLaR/article/view/11658/pdf.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
On the Issue of Legislative Regulation of State Support as a Form of Interaction Between Public Associations and Public Authorities in the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
VALIEV Rustam Nasikhovich
Applicant of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
420008, Kazan, st.Kremlevskaya, 18, office. 145, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article analyzes regional state support as a form of interaction between public associations and public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is established not only at the federal, but also at the subfederal level of legislative regulation. The author, guided by a positivist approach, substantiates their classification in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: public associations, public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, interaction, forms of interaction
References
1.Sovremenny`j filosofskij slovar`. M.: Bishkek: Ekaterinburg, 1996. S. 18.
2.Vrublevskaya O.A. O sushhnosti ponyatiya «social`noe vzaimodejstvie» v nauchny`x issledovaniyax // Sibirskij ae`rokosmicheskij zhurnal. 2006. № 5(12). S. 60.
3.Vinogradova N.L. Social`noe vzaimodejstvie kak ob``ekt filosofskogo analiza: avtoref. dis. … kand. filos. nauk. Volgograd, 1999. S. 17.
4.Udy`chak F.I. Pravovy`e formy` gosudarstvennogo obespecheniya nacional`noj bezopasnosti // Vestnik Ady`gejskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Regionovedenie: filosofiya, istoriya, sociologiya, yurisprudenciya, politologiya, kul`turologiya. 2014. № 1 (35).
5.Sobranie zakonodatel`stva Rossijskoj Federacii. 1995. № 21. St. 1930 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://base.garant.ru/10164186/.
6.Saratovskie vesti. 2001. 29 marta. № 47 (2623).
7.Postanovlenie Kabineta ministrov Respubliki Tatarstan ot 6 avgusta 2016 goda № 539 «Ob utverzhdenii Poryadka predostavleniya grantov detskim i molodezhny`m obshhestvenny`m ob``edineniyam Respubliki Tatarstan na realizaciyu social`no znachimy`x proektov i programm v oblasti gosudarstvennoj molodezhnoj politiki» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://minmol.tatarstan.ru/file/pub/pub_1861486.pdf.
8.Tul`skie izvestiya. 2011. 8 dekabrya. № 183.
9.Sobranie zakonodatel`stva Respubliki Tatarstan. 2020. № 46.
10.Dagestanskaya pravda. 2001. 18 iyulya. № 146.
11.Kabardino-Balkarskaya pravda. 2002. 30 noyabrya. № 236.
12.Postanovlenie Pravitel`stva Respubliki Bashkortostan ot 31 dekabrya 2009 goda № 510 ««Ob okazanii gosudarstvennoj podderzhki obshhestvenny`m ob``edineniyam, realizuyushhim obshhestvenno polezny`e (znachimy`e) programmy` (meropriyatiya) v sfere kul`tury` i iskusstva, nacional`ny`x, gosudarstvenno-konfessional`ny`x i obshhestvenno-politicheskix otnoshenij» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/438963946.
13.Prikaz ot 11 marta 2016 goda № 55 «Ob utverzhdenii tipovoj formy` dogovora o predostavlenii subsidij obshhestvenny`m ob``edineniyam» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://culture.bashkortostan.ru/upload/uf/761/tipovaya-forma-dogovora-na-subsidii.pdf.
14.Soglashenie mezhdu Federaciej profsoyuzny`x organizacij Kirovskoj oblasti, ob``edineniyami rabotodatelej Kirovskoj oblasti i Pravitel`stvom Kirovskoj oblasti na 2023–2025 gody` [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://kodeks.karelia.ru/api/show/406418540.
15.Soglashenie mezhdu Upolnomochenny`m po pravam rebenka v Respublike Tatarstan i avtonomnoj nekommercheskoj organizaciej «Centr social`noj reabilitacii i adaptacii» o vzaimodejstvii v sfere reabilitacii i adaptacii nesovershennoletnix grazhdan, osvobozhdenny`x iz uchrezhdenij ugolovno-pravovoj sistemy`, ot 19 oktyabrya 2016 goda [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://rtdety.tatarstan.ru/file/pub/pub_727690.pdf.
16.Zakon Tul`skoj oblasti ot 26 oktyabrya 2017 goda № 71-ZTO «O podderzhke social`no orientirovanny`x nekommercheskix organizacij v Tul`skoj oblasti» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/document/7100201710310010.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
On the Issue of Determining the Legal Status of Modular Accommodation Facilities
SOROKINA Elena Anatolevna
Chief Specialist of the Directorate for Certification of Scientific Personnel of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Applicant for the Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activities, Faculty of Law, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky Pr., 49/2, Russian Federation
Abstract: The purpose of the work is to identify the problem of providing preferential loans for the construction of modular hotels, which lies in the lack of a legislative definition of the concept of «modular hotel» and a regulatory classification of this type of accommodation, which complicates legal regulation in the field of lending.
Keywords: modular hotel, camping, glamping, domestic tourism, subsidies for the construction of modular hotels, small and medium-sized businessesthe Legal Status of Modular Accommodation Facilities
References
1.42 mln turisticheskix poezdok ozhidaet Mine`ko-nomrazvitiya v letnem turisticheskom sezone 2024 goda // Ministerstvo e`konomicheskogo razvitiya Rossijskoj Federacii [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://clck.ru/3AVgi4.
2.Maksim Reshetnikov prinyal uchastie v Pravitel`stvennoj komissii po razvitiyu turizma v Rossii // Ministerstvo e`konomicheskogo razvitiya Rossijskoj Federacii: [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/news/maksim_reshetnikov_prinyal_uchastie_v_pravitelstvennoy_komissii_po_razvitiyu_turizma_v_rossii.html.
3.Ob utverzhdenii Pravil predostavleniya subsidij iz federal`nogo byudzheta rossijskim kreditny`m organizaciyam i specializirovanny`m finansovy`m obshhestvam na vozmeshhenie nedopoluchenny`x imi doxodov po kreditam, vy`danny`m v 2019–2024 godax sub``ektam malogo i srednego predprinimatel`stva, a takzhe fizicheskim liczam, primenyayushhim special`ny`j nalogovy`j rezhim «Nalog na professional`ny`j doxod», po l`gotnoj stavke: Postanovlenie Pravitel`stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 30 dekabrya 2018 g. № 1764 // SPS «Konsul`tant Plyus» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https:// http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_315291.
4.O vnesenii izmenenij v Pravila predostavleniya subsidij iz federal`nogo byudzheta rossijskim kreditny`m organizaciyam i specializirovanny`m finansovy`m obshhestvam v celyax vozmeshheniya nedopoluchenny`x imi doxodov po kreditam, vy`danny`m v 2019–2024 godax sub``ektam malogo i srednego predprinimatel`stva, a takzhe fizicheskim liczam, primenyayushhim special`ny`j nalogovy`j rezhim «Nalog na professional`ny`j doxod», po l`gotnoj stavke: Postanovlenie ot 16.08.2022 № 1420 // Pravitel`stvo Rossii [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://static.government.ru/media/files/YkyUA3X2AwJJ8WZPsCFql8tADOX1fTtX.pdf.
5.Dlya proizvodstvenny`x MSP budut zapushheny` l`gotny`e investkredity` po stavke 3–4,5 % [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://corpmsp.ru/pres_slujba/news/dlya_proizvodstvennykh_msp_budut_zapushcheny_lgotnye_investkredity_po_stavke_3_4_5_/.
6.Otnositsya li montazh blochno-modul`nogo zdaniya k stroitel`stvu nekapital`nogo stroeniya ili sooruzheniya dlya celej ustanovleniya dopolnitel`ny`x trebovanij k uchastnikam zakupok? // SPS «Konsul`tant Plyus» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&ts=w5SiHoTmLwVK9gU7&cacheid=36B285984F12C5CF9180AED3D57BEE7A&mode=splus&rnd=5uXdNQ&base=CJI&n=144453#rXYiHoTOUqGkxvn4.
7.Plenarnoe zasedanie Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo e`konomicheskogo foruma 16.06.2023 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/71445.
8.Soveshhanie o razvitii industrii turizma i gostepriimstva. Pravitel`stvo Rossii. 12.08.2022 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://government.ru/news/46227/.
9.V Mine`konomrazvitiya Rossii raz``yasnili poryadok podachi zayavok na konkurs investicionny`x proektov po sozdaniyu modul`ny`x gostinicz. 02.05.2023 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://economy.gov.ru/material/news/v_minekonomrazvitiya_rossii_razyasnili_poryadok_podachi_zayavok_na_konkurs_investicionnyh_proektov_po_sozdaniyu_modulnyh_gostinic.html.
10.Soveshhanie o razvitii industrii turizma i gostepriimstva. Pravitel`stvo Rossii [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://government.ru/news/46227/.
11.GOST R 58187-2018. Turistskie uslugi. Kempingi. Obshhie trebovaniya.
12.Katy`rova Ya.V. Gle`mping kak perspektivnoe sredstvo razmeshheniya // Perspektivy` razvitiya studencheskogo turizma: sbornik materialov VII vserossijskogo studencheskogo turistskogo foruma. 14 oktyabrya 2022 g. / pod red. I.E. Polyakovoj i dr. Elecz: EGU im. I.A. Bunina, 2022. S. 108.
13.V naczparkax razreshili stroitel`stvo gostinicz i palatok [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.pnp.ru/social/v-nacparkakh-razreshili-stroitelstvo-gostinic-i-palatok.html.
14.Kazakova K.S. Sportivny`j turizm: metod. rek. dlya provedeniya prakticheskix zanyatij i organizacii samostoyatel`noj raboty` obuchayushhixsya napravleniya podgotovki 43.03.02 Turizm dlya vsex form obucheniya. Doneczk: DonNUE`T imeni Tugan-Baranovskogo, 2021. S. 26.
15.Ob utverzhdenii Polozheniya o klassifikacii gostinicz: Postanovlenie Pravitel`stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18.11.2020 № 1860 (red. ot 26.12.2022) // SPS «Konsul`tant plyus» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=LAW&n=435601&dst=1000000001&cacheid=58B9191D96D8AA20DAE27475A81025B8&mode=splus&rnd=7LoU1w#j6qVyvTMTwlw1usB2.
16.Ashrafzyanov I.R., Belyaeva S.V., Butaev R.Sh. Strategii ustojchivogo razvitiya: e`konomicheskie, yuridicheskie i social`ny`e aspekty`: monografiya. Cheboksary`: 2022.
17.Bezrukova N.L. Sovremennoe sostoyanie gle`mpi-nga v Rossii i problemy` upravleniya // Vestnik RMAT. 2021. № 3. S. 122–126.
18.«Ob osnovax turistskoj deyatel`nosti v Rossijskoj Federacii»: Federal`ny`j zakon № 132-FZ (prinyat Gosudarstvennoj Dumoj 4 oktyabrya 1996 goda) // SPS «Konsul`tantPlyus» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=LAW&n=449564&dst=1000000001&cacheid=3BD570C8046788C873EE4EFCE115D4A8&mode=splus&rnd=7LoU1w#jk4VyvTQHoSE2koI.
19.Gle`mpingi i klassifikaciya // Associaciya po bezopasnosti turistskoj industrii [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.tourismsafety.ru/news_one_7953_95.html.
20.Gradostroitel`ny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 29.12.2004 № 190-FZ (red. ot 25.12.2023) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 01.05.2024).
21.Zrelov A.P. Osobennosti priznaniya nedvizhi-most`yu ob``ektov stroitel`stva. M.: E`kOOnis, 2020. (Podvodny`e kamni zakonodatel`stva).
22.Shitova E.S., Sazonova V.E., Rodina I.A. Gle`mping kak novy`j format sredstv razmeshheniya v Rostovskoj oblasti // Geograficheskie i e`konomicheskie issledovaniya v kontekste ustojchivogo razvitiya gosudarstva i regiona: materialy` IV Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Doneczk, 10–11 noyabrya 2022 g.): v 2 t. Doneczk: DonNU, 2022. T. 2. S. 73.
23.Postanovlenie odinnadczatogo Arbitrazhnogo apellyacionnogo suda ot 26 oktyabrya 2020 g. po delu № A55-11989/2019 // SPS «Konsul`tantPlyus» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=raps011&n=176537&date=29.08.2023&efa_uid=14e0e540-b565-45e7-a41a-7aed2052847f#mVJBuBUsUuppoweo.
24.Postanovlenie Arbitrazhnogo suda Povolzhskogo okruga ot 03.02.2021 № F06-70308/2020 po delu № A55-11989/2019. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy` «Konsul`tantPlyus».
25.Informacionnoe pis`mo Prezidiuma VAS RF ot 13.11.1997 № 21 «Obzor praktiki razresheniya sporov, voznikayushhix po dogovoram kupli-prodazhi nedvizhimosti» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=LAW&n=16912&cacheid=E4EE3426E0E427BBB1169405EF536485&mode=splus&rnd=7LoU1w#xiKjyvT4QQZw2fYc1.
26.Postanovlenie Arbitrazhnogo suda Vostochno-Sibirskogo okruga ot 13.11.2019 № F02-5324/2019 po delu № A19-27336/2017 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=AVS&n=106367&date=26.09.2023#twElyvTQPMWgwB9x2.
27.Postanovlenie FAS Moskovskogo okruga ot 30.06.2011 № KG-A40/6419-11-P po delu № A40-42237/10-41-345 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=AMS&n=144934&date=26.09.2023#vom2wBURZjXFn89O.
28.Postanovlenie FAS Severo-Kavkazskogo okruga ot 31.10.2007 № F08-7197/07 po delu № A32-28715/2006-31/620 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=ASK&n=32536&date=26.09.2023#T0J2wBUG0vOFn1r4.
29.Postanovlenie Plenuma Verxovnogo Suda RF ot 23.06.2015 № 25 «O primenenii sudami nekotory`x polozhenij razdela I chasti pervoj Grazhdanskogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=LAW&n=181602&dst=100111&date=26.09.2023#BYmtvBUMf1KCKYAq.
30.Postanovlenie Arbitrazhnogo suda Central`nogo okruga ot 30.09.2020 № F10-4480/2019 po delu № A83-2751/2018 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://online11.consultant.ru/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=ACN&n=127404&date=26.09.2023#hTsryvT4lVeQTq1x.
31.Gotovoe reshenie: Chto takoe dvizhimoe imushhestvo i chem ono otlichaetsya ot nedvizhimogo // Konsul`tantPlyus [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/law/podborki/dvizhimoe_imuschestvo_jeto.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
Legal Aspects of Using Artificial Intelligence to Create Campaign Materials in Political Campaigns
BOBROVSKAYA Olga Alexandrovna
Student of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Research Intern of the Center for Political Research of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
125167, Moscow, Leningradsky Ave., 49/2, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article examined examples of the use of AI in the political sphere, analyzed the rules for using the most popular neural networks for the possibility of their use to create campaign materials in a political company. The Russian experience of legislative regulation of materials created by AI is considered. Conclusions are drawn about the need to improve the legal system in the field of AI technologies.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, law, political campaign, neural networks, campaign materials
References
1.Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast` pervaya) ot 30.11.1994 № 51-FZ (red. ot 16.12.2019) // Sobranie zakonodatel`stva RF. 1994. 5 dekabrya.
2.Nacional`naya strategiya razvitiya II na period do 2030 goda: utverzhdena Ukazom Prezidenta RF ot 10.10.2019 № 490 // Sobranie zakonodatel`stva RF. 2019. 14 oktyabrya.
3.Poslanie Prezidenta Federal`nomu Sobraniyu // Kremlin.ru. [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/73585.
4.Boruleva E.D. Pravovaya oxrana ob``ektov, sozdanny`x s pomoshh`yu nejrosetej: mozhno li priznat` nejroset` pravoobladatelem? // Aktual`ny`e problemy` mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava / Private International Law Issues: Sbornik statej II Mezhdunarodnogo mezhdisciplinarnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo kongressa, Moskva, 25–26 aprelya 2023 goda / pod red. B.A. Shaxnazarova. M.: Moskovskij gosudarstvenny`j yuridicheskij universitet imeni O.E. Kutafina (MGYuA), 2023. S. 148–150.
5.Avtorskie prava na proizvedeniya, sgenerirovanny`e nejrosetyami // Informacionno-pravovoj portal «Zakon.ru» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://zakon.ru.
6.G.A. Zyuganov: «U iskusstvennogo intellekta net duxovnosti, sovesti i sostradaniya» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. https://kprf.ru/dep/gosduma/activities/218937.html.
7.Nejroseti idut na vy`bory` // Oficial`ny`j pravovoj portal Irkutskoj oblasti [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.ogirk.ru/2023/05/17/nejroseti-idut-na-vybory.
8.Prava dlya mashiny`: mogut li nejroseti tvorit`, i kak zashhishhat` prava na ix proizvedeniya? // Novosti Universiteta ITMO [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https:// news.itmo.ru/ru/education/trend/news/9107.
9.Edinorossy` reshili ispol`zovat` na vy`borax iskus-stvenny`j intellekt. «Demonizaciya», «satirizaciya» i «gallyucinaciya real`nosti» – kakie riski vidyat v partii [E`lektron-ny`j resurs]. https://www.rbc.ru/politics/24/04/2023/6442b5009a7947672f42b743.
10.Sber. Dokumentaciya dlya razrabotchikov [E`lek-tronny`j resurs]. URL: https://developers.sber.ru/docs/ru/policies/gigachat-agreement/permissible-use-ai.
11.LDPR predstavila na PME`F politicheskij cifrovoj algoritm «Zhirinovskij» [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://tass.ru/obschestvo/18019301.
12.Chislo pol`zovatelej nejroseti Sbera Kandinsky prevy`silo 3 mln [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/19358167.
13.«Edinaya Rossiya» predstavila «Cifrovoj manifest» partii [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/12149831.
14.New European Political Party Is Led by an Artificial Intelligence [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://futurism.com/political-party-led-by-artificial-intelligence.
15.Midjourney. Terms of Service [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://docs.midjourney.com/docs/terms-of-service.
16.OpenAI. Terms of use [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://openai.com/policies/terms-of-use.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF ЕURASIA
Using Digital Technologies in Obtaining Information on the State of the Environment
SARVARTDINOV Marat Rashitovich
Postgraduate student of Ufa University of Science and Technology
450039, Ufa, Zaki Validi str., 32, Russian Federation
Abstract: The article examines the directions of application of modern information technologies in the field of obtaining information about the state of the environment and its protection, the possibilities of using information technologies and barriers preventing their effective implementation.
Keywords: digital technologies in environmental protection, obtaining information about the state of the environment, digital culture
References
1.Konstituciya Rossijskoj Federacii. Prinyata vsena-rodny`m golosovaniem 12 dekabrya 1993 g. // Rossijskaya gazeta. 1993. 12 dekabrya.
2.Leskina E`.I. Texnologii bol`shix danny`x (Vig Data) dlya oxrany` okruzhayushhej sredy` // E`kologicheskoe pravo. 2023. № 1. S. 21–24.
3.Federal`ny`j zakon ot 9 marta 2021 g. № 39-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v Federal`ny`j zakon «Ob oxrane okruzhayushhej sredy`» i otdel`ny`e zakonodatel`ny`e akty` Rossijskoj Federacii» // SZ RF. 2021. № 11. St. 1704.
4.Federal`naya sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere prirodo-pol`zovaniya: oficial`ny`j sajt [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://rpn.gov.ru/.
5.Federal`naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoj registracii, kadastra i kartografii: oficial`ny`j sajt [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://rosreestr.gov.ru.
6.Musatov V.V. Pravovy`e aspekty` ispol`zovaniya cifrovy`x texnologij v oxrane okruzhayushhej sredy` // Pravo i upravlenie. 2023. № 4 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/pravovye-aspekty-ispolzovaniya-tsifrovyh-tehnologiy-v-ohrane-okruzhayuschey.
7.Dicevich Ya.B., Kolobov R.Yu. O koncepcii formirovaniya kompleksnogo informacionnogo resursa v celyax povy`sheniya e`ffektivnosti deyatel`nosti po oxrane ozera Bajkal // E`kologicheskoe pravo. 2023. № 1. S. 2–7.
8.Romanova G.V. Primenenie cifrovy`x texnologij pri realizacii prava na dostovernuyu informaciyu o sostoyanii okruzhayushhej sredy` // E`kologicheskoe pravo. 2023. № 1. S. 27–28.
9.Romanova G.V. Vliyanie cifrovizacii na realizaciyu i zashhitu osnovny`x e`kologicheskix prav grazhdan // Sub``ekt prava: stabil`nost` i dinamika pravovogo statusa v usloviyax cifrovizacii: sbornik nauchny`x trudov / pod obshh. red. D.A. Pashenceva, M.V. Zaloilo. M., 2021. S. 376.
10.Ukaz Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii ot 2 marta 2022 g. № 83 «O merax po obespecheniyu uskorennogo razvitiya otrasli informacionny`x texnologij v Rossijskoj Federacii» // SZ RF. 2022. № 10. St. 1468.
11.Leskina E`.I. Texnologii bol`shix danny`x (big data) dlya oxrany` okruzhayushhej sredy` // E`kologicheskoe pravo. 2023. № 1. S. 21–24.
12.Sekretareva K.N. Cifrovizaciya oxrany` okruzhayushhej sredy` // Xronoe`konomika. 2020. № 6 (27) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tsifrovizatsiya-ohrany-okruzhayuschey-sredy.